"grim" meaning in Old Dutch

See grim in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *grimm, from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz. Etymology templates: {{inh|odt|gmw-pro|*grimm}} Proto-West Germanic *grimm, {{inh|odt|gem-pro|*grimmaz}} Proto-Germanic *grimmaz Head templates: {{head|odt|adjective}} grim Inflection templates: {{odt-decl-adj-a|grimm}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], grim [masculine, nominative, strong], grim [feminine, nominative, strong], grim [neuter, nominative, strong], grimma [nominative, plural, strong], grimme [nominative, plural, strong], grimman [accusative, masculine, strong], grimmen [accusative, masculine, strong], grimma [accusative, feminine, strong], grim [accusative, neuter, strong], grimma [accusative, plural, strong], grimme [accusative, plural, strong], grimmes [genitive, masculine, strong], grimmero [feminine, genitive, strong], grimmes [genitive, neuter, strong], grimmero [genitive, plural, strong], grimmin [dative, masculine, strong], grimmemo [dative, masculine, strong], grimmero [dative, feminine, strong], grimmin [dative, neuter, strong], grimmemo [dative, neuter, strong], grimmon [dative, plural, strong], grimmo [masculine, nominative, weak], grimma [feminine, nominative, weak], grimma [neuter, nominative, weak], grimmon [nominative, plural, weak], grimmon [accusative, masculine, weak], grimmon [accusative, feminine, weak], grimma [accusative, neuter, weak], grimmon [accusative, plural, weak], grimmin [genitive, masculine, weak], grimmon [feminine, genitive, weak], grimmin [genitive, neuter, weak], grimmono [genitive, plural, weak], grimmin [dative, masculine, weak], grimmon [dative, feminine, weak], grimmin [dative, neuter, weak], grimmon [dative, plural, weak]
  1. evil
    Sense id: en-grim-odt-adj-tcH7Lvxt
  2. fearsome, terrifying
    Sense id: en-grim-odt-adj-loBdimkr Categories (other): Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 10 90
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "word": "grim"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Dutch",
      "lang_code": "dum",
      "word": "grim"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*grimm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grimm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grimmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grimmaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *grimm, from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odt-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimme",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimman",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimme",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmemo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmemo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmono",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "grim",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grimm"
      },
      "name": "odt-decl-adj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Dutch",
  "lang_code": "odt",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "evil"
      ],
      "id": "en-grim-odt-adj-tcH7Lvxt",
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fearsome, terrifying"
      ],
      "id": "en-grim-odt-adj-loBdimkr",
      "links": [
        [
          "fearsome",
          "fearsome"
        ],
        [
          "terrifying",
          "terrifying"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grim"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Dutch a-stem adjectives",
    "Old Dutch adjectives",
    "Old Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Dutch lemmas",
    "Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 7 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "lang_code": "nl",
          "word": "grim"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Dutch",
      "lang_code": "dum",
      "word": "grim"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*grimm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *grimm",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*grimmaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grimmaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *grimm, from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "odt-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimme",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimman",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmen",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimme",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmemo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmero",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmemo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimma",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmono",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grimmon",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "grim",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grimm"
      },
      "name": "odt-decl-adj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Dutch",
  "lang_code": "odt",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "evil"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "evil",
          "evil"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fearsome, terrifying"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fearsome",
          "fearsome"
        ],
        [
          "terrifying",
          "terrifying"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "grim"
}

Download raw JSONL data for grim meaning in Old Dutch (4.7kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.